Cov khau ua haujlwm, khau kev nyab xeeb txheem
Cov qauv no yog raws li Canadian Standards Association (CSA) tus qauv raws li Z195-02: "Cov khau tiv thaiv" thiab Z195.1-02: "Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Xaiv, Kev Saib Xyuas, thiab Kev Siv Cov Khaub Ncaws Tiv Thaiv"
Ntau yam:
Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav raug mob ntawm ko taw thaum phais lossis hauv University of Toronto chaw ua haujlwm
Nco tseg: Hauv cov qauv no, "cov neeg ua haujlwm" suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov menyuam kawm ntawv thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov neeg ncig tebchaws.
Cov dej num:
Cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tseem ceeb / tus saib xyuas thiab tag nrho lwm cov tub ceev xwm yuav tsum:
1. Yuav tsum tau teev cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv ko taw
2. Txheeb xyuas (siv tus qauv no lossis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb) Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Khaub Ncaws rau qee yam phom sij hauv ko taw
3. Muab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov khau kev nyab xeeb tsim nyog
4. Xyuas kom cov neeg ua haujlwm siv, tswj thiab saib xyuas cov khau kom raug raws li kev qhia
5. Xyuas kom cov neeg ua haujlwm hnav khau tiv thaiv tsim nyog thaum taug kev txhua lub sijhawm lossis hauv thaj chaw muaj kev phom sij.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum:
1. Hnav cov khau ua haujlwm tsim nyog thaum taug kev txhua lub sijhawm lossis hauv qhov chaw txaus ntshai
2. Saib xyuas cov khau kev nyab xeeb thiab khaws cov khau kev nyab xeeb kom zoo
Tus kheej kev nyab xeeb khau:
Siv cov khau kev nyab xeeb tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev raug mob ntawm ko taw thiab tag nrho los tiv thaiv ko taw. Cov khau kev nyab xeeb tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, muab kev nplij siab thiab kev nyab xeeb, thiab ua raws li CSA cov qauv Z195-02 thiab Z195.1-02
Daim Ntawv Ntxiv A piav qhia txog ntau yam kev pom zoo kev nyab xeeb thiab CSA pom zoo cov yam ntxwv khau.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntawm nkawm khau:
1) ntiv taw gasket tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb
Cov neeg uas muaj peev xwm ua rau cov ntiv taw raug mob yuav tsum hnav cov khau tiv thaiv uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov ntiv taw. Txhua nkawm khau yuav tsum ua raws li CSA Safety Standard Z195-02. CSA-pom zoo khau kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv tso cai txuas rau cov khau khiab lossis ua tau raws li University of Toronto 1 txog 6 cov qauv kev tiv thaiv khau: Cov khau tiv thaiv ntawm nplooj 2 txog 6 ntawm University of Toronto's Choice and Use phau ntawv nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2004 Standard: Kev xaiv thiab kev siv cov khau tiv thaiv thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2004 yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tiv thaiv cov ntiv taw. Muaj ob theem los tiv thaiv tus ntiv taw cap tiv thaiv qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nyob ntawm seb qib kev tiv thaiv tau muab:
Qib 1 - tiv taus 125 Joule cuam tshuam (sib npaug rau 50 lbs ntawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm 22 ntiv tes ntawm qhov siab)
Qib 2 -- tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam 90 Joule (sib npaug rau 50 lb yam khoom pov tseg ntawm 16 ntiv tes ntawm qhov siab)
Cov ntiv taw tiv thaiv cov khau khiab khau khiab yuav tsum hnav thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov khoom poob, dov, cov khoom ntse, cov khoom kub thiab txiav kev phom sij. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog cov chaw ua haujlwm xws li kev tuav cov khoom hnyav, cov tshuab hnyav lossis cov khoom siv, cov chaw tsim kho lossis cov khw muag khoom.
2) tiv thaiv kev nkag mus
Cov khau kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau hnav nyob rau hauv qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus rau ib leeg ntawm cov khau thiab ua rau muaj peev xwm tho ntawm ko taw. Txhua nkawm khau kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum ua raws li CSA Safety Standard Z195-02. Cov khau kev nyab xeeb uas tau pom zoo los ntawm CSA yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv pov thawj uas txuas nrog rau khau lossis khau.
Cov neeg hnav yuav tsum hnav cov khau tiv thaiv nrog cov khoom pov thawj uas lawv tuaj yeem raug rau cov khoom ntse xws li cov ntsia hlau, xov, tacks, cov khoom seem hlau lossis iav, cov khoom kub kub thiab txiav raug mob.
3) sacral tiv thaiv tsis kam
Cov neeg uas muaj peev xwm raug mob rau tibia yuav tsum hnav khau kev nyab xeeb uas muab kev tiv thaiv txaus rau tibia. Txhua nkawm khau kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum ua raws li CSA Safety Standard Z195-02. CSA-pom kev nyab xeeb khau yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv pov thawj txuas nrog rau khau raj lossis khau thiab muab kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam.
4) Anti-electric shock ib leeg
Cov neeg uas muaj feem raug mob los ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab yuav tsum hnav cov khau insulated uas muaj kev tiv thaiv txaus tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Txhua nkawm khau kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum ua raws li CSA Safety Standard Z195-02. Cov khau khiab ntawm CSA-pom zoo kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum muaj rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob los ntawm ob txhais taw kom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (tsawg kawg 18 kV). Qhov kev tiv thaiv ko taw no muab kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig qhuav thiab cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev yuav raug degraded los ntawm cov dej ntub thiab hnav thiab tsim kua muag.
Insulated khau uas tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab yuav tsum tau siv thaum muaj hluav taws xob poob siab, tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm electrostatic tawm los yog microcircuit txaus ntshai.
5) Dispersing electrostatic nkawm khau
Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum hnav cov khau tiv thaiv zoo li qub hauv qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm, xws li cov khoom tawg lossis cov nplaim taws lossis hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm uas cov cuab yeej zoo li qub raug txo qis. Ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob me me tau muab tso rau hauv cov khau tiv thaiv zoo li qub kom tawg hluav taws xob zoo li qub rau hauv av ntawm kev taug kev, yog li txo cov hluav taws xob zoo li qub.
Cov khau tiv thaiv zoo li qub yuav tsum tsis txhob siv thaum muaj hluav taws xob poob siab (xws li hloov cov kab hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob ib puag ncig), vim tias cov khau tiv thaiv zoo li qub tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov no.
University of Toronto 3 txog 6 cov qauv kev tiv thaiv khau: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2004, University of Toronto xaiv thiab siv phau ntawv
6) conductive ib leeg
Cov khau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau hnav hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws kub zoo li qub. Cov khau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nws uas coj hluav taws xob mus rau hauv av hauv qab ko taw. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thaum hnav cov khau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, tag nrho cov ntim thiab cov khoom siv hauv cheeb tsam yuav tsum txuas nrog hauv av. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yuav tsum tsis txhob hnav thaum muaj hluav taws xob poob vim tias lawv tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Kev coj tus cwj pwm yuav tsum ua raws li CSA tus qauv kev nyab xeeb Z195-02.
7) Cov neeg ua haujlwm siv cov saw saw tiv thaiv
Cov neeg uas muaj peev xwm siv chainsaws los ua mob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, pob taws, ko taw thiab ntiv taw yuav tsum hnav khau tiv thaiv.
Nco tseg: CSA Kev Nyab Xeeb Standard Z195-02 hais tias cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xaiv hnav khau uas tiv thaiv lawv cov kev xav tau, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tias cov khau tib yam yuav raug siv rau hauv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Cov chaw ua haujlwm sib txawv yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo sib txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo sib txawv. Hauv qhov no, cov khau tiv thaiv uas muaj ntau tshaj ib hom kev tiv thaiv (ntau qhov kev ua tau zoo) yuav tsum tau siv.
Cov khau tiv thaiv siv hauv cov chaw kuaj tshuaj
Cov khau tiv thaiv tsim nyog yuav tsum hnav hauv cov chaw kuaj mob uas siv tshuaj thiab khaws cia, thiab cov khau tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia. Cov khau khiab, khau khiab thiab khau zoo sib xws tsis raug tso cai hnav hauv cov chaw sim no. Cov khau khau uas tsim nyog yuav tsum npog tag nrho ko taw thiab tiv thaiv tag nrho ko taw. Shoemaking cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog cov hauv qab thiab sab sauv, yuav tsum tau sib haum nrog lub chaw soj nstuam ib puag ncig, kev tuav cov khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Nyob ntawm seb muaj kev phom sij li cas hauv chav kuaj, yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau khau. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm ib leeg nrog swb, abrasion, roj lossis cua sov kuj yuav tsum tau xav txog. CSA pom zoo khau kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau hnav nyob qhov twg muaj peev xwm raug mob rau ko taw vim muaj kev sib tsoo, hluav taws xob poob lossis hluav taws xob zoo li qub.
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